The paid bereavement leave is designed to be accessible for all employees covered under the Fair Work Act, and includes access to leave for the partner of a woman who has had a miscarriage.
The amendment was first introduced to the Senate in June by Attorney-General Michaelia Cash, with the Senate passing the bill into law on 31 August.
Senator Hollie Hughes said up to one in four pregnancies end in miscarriage - around 300 women every day.
"When it does occur, people often fail to recognise the real grief that is being helped," she said.
Samantha Payne, CEO of miscarriage and fertility charity Pink Elephants, said the legislation will help remove the stigma and silence surrounding miscarriage in workplaces, and it will also mean employers will offer better support.
"This amendment will open up the door for so many more conversations around how we better, as a nation, support women and their partners, whose babies die to miscarriage," she said.
"We want to normalise miscarriage for the world to see. Part of that is policy change because policy change creates cultural change."
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